Understanding Fresh and Frozen Embryo Transfers
When undergoing in vitro fertilisation (IVF), one of the crucial decisions is whether to opt for a fresh embryo transfer or a frozen one. A fresh embryo transfer involves implanting an embryo into the uterus just days after fertilisation, while a frozen embryo transfer (FET) allows embryos to be cryopreserved and used at a later time. Both methods have their advantages, but which one offers the highest chances of success? Let’s explore the key differences, benefits, and considerations to help you make an informed choice.
Fresh Embryo Transfer vs. Frozen: Key Differences
What is Fresh Embryo Transfer?
A fresh embryo transfer occurs within a few days after egg retrieval and fertilisation. The embryo is transferred into the uterus without being cryopreserved, allowing for an immediate attempt at implantation.
What is Frozen Embryo Transfer?
A frozen embryo transfer (FET) involves freezing embryos for future use. The embryos are thawed and transferred in a subsequent cycle when the body is hormonally prepared, which may improve endometrial receptivity.
Pros and Cons of Fresh and Frozen Embryo Transfers
Advantages of Fresh Embryo Transfer
- Shorter Treatment Timeline – Since the embryo is transferred in the same cycle, there is no waiting period for thawing and preparation.
- Reduced Costs – There are no additional costs associated with embryo freezing and storage.
- Potentially Beneficial for Certain Cases – Women with high-quality embryos and optimal hormone levels may experience better outcomes with a fresh transfer.
Disadvantages of Fresh Embryo Transfer
- Higher Risk of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS) – Women with high oestrogen levels following ovarian stimulation may experience OHSS, which can lead to complications.
- Lower Success Rates in Some Cases – If hormone levels are imbalanced due to ovarian stimulation, the uterine lining may not be as receptive to implantation.
Advantages of Frozen Embryo Transfer
- Improved Endometrial Receptivity – Since the uterus is not exposed to the effects of ovarian stimulation, the endometrial lining may be more suitable for implantation.
- Lower Risk of OHSS – Women at risk of OHSS can avoid complications by waiting for their hormone levels to normalize before implantation.
- Higher Pregnancy Rates in Some Cases – Studies suggest that frozen embryo transfers may have higher success rates, especially in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or high oestrogen levels.
- Flexibility – Couples can delay transfer to a more suitable time, reducing emotional and physical stress.
Disadvantages of Frozen Embryo Transfer
- Additional Costs – Cryopreservation and storage fees can add to the overall expense of IVF treatment.
- Longer Timeline – A delay in implantation may prolong the IVF process.
- Risk of Embryo Survival – While advanced freezing techniques like vitrification have improved embryo survival rates, there is still a small risk that some embryos may not survive the thawing process.
Which One is Better for IVF Success?
There is no one-size-fits-all answer to whether fresh or frozen embryo transfer is superior. Success depends on various factors, including age, hormonal balance, uterine receptivity, and overall health.
When Fresh Embryo Transfer May Be Preferable
- If the woman has optimal hormone levels and a healthy uterine lining.
- If the couple wishes to proceed with pregnancy as soon as possible.
- If cost is a significant concern and freezing is not necessary.
When Frozen Embryo Transfer May Be a Better Option
- If the woman is at risk of OHSS due to high ovarian stimulation.
- If a better uterine environment is desired for implantation.
- If genetic testing (PGT) is required before embryo transfer.
- If a previous fresh transfer has failed.
Conclusion: Making the Right Choice
Both fresh and frozen embryo transfers have their unique advantages and challenges. Consulting with a fertility specialist at
Milann Fertility Centre can help determine the best approach based on individual circumstances. If you’re considering
IVF and
embryo transfer, our experts are here to guide you through every step of the process to improve your chances of success.
Ready to Take the Next Step?
At
Milann Fertility Centre, we offer personalised fertility treatment plans tailored to your needs. Book a consultation today to explore your options for fresh and frozen embryo transfers.
Reviewed by
Dr. Anu Sadashiv B - Consultant - Reproductive Medicine, Obstetric & Gynecologist Bengaluru, Kumara Park.
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